Enhancement in production of baicalein through transformation in Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent by Rhizobium rhizogenes

Oroxylum indicum (L) Vent (O. indicum), a significant endangered medicinal plant, was transformed by the Rhizobium rhizogenes (R. rhizogenes) mediated transformation method using bacterial strain MTCC 532. For successful transformation, factors such as explant selection, Co-cultivation time, temperature for induced root development, technique, and antibiotic concentration were optimized. Various methods employed enhancing rate of transformation. A drastic increase in frequency observed when CaCl2 used 10 mM 15 along with ultrasonication during Co-cultivation. Total phenolic flavonoid content determined various extracts O. Folin–Ciocalteau reagent Aluminium chloride colorimetric respectively. Moreover, antioxidant potential different assessed 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Using specific rolA primers, molecular analysis performed, revealing T-DNA integration hairy roots confirming expression inducible genes. Murashige Skoog (MS) medium 3% sucrose shown to have maximum induction after 28 days TLC well spectroscopic (UV–VIS FTIR) performed compare (baicalein) several non-transformed extracts. Comparing roots, total phenolic, contents, activities greater roots. The findings indicate that cultures capacity producing beneficial chemicals researching their biological activities. R. (MTCC 532) has been reported first time.